Source: www.freepik.com

地震與海嘯相關英語詞彙

地球表面由多個板塊（tectonic plates）組成，這些板塊會彼此移動、碰撞或分離，引發地震、海嘯與火山等自然現象。今早俄羅斯遠東地區發生強烈地震並引發海嘯。這類自然災害常見於新聞或旅遊安全提示，掌握相關英文詞彙有助於更準確理解資訊。

earthquake 地震
Example: “A strong earthquake hit the region last night.”
aftershock 餘震
Example: “The aftershocks continued for several hours after the main quake.”
epicenter 震央
Example: “The epicenter was located offshore, near the Kuril Islands.”
magnitude 地震規模
Example: “It was a magnitude 8.8 earthquake.”
fault line 斷層線
Example: “The strong earthquake occurred near a fault line, where two tectonic plates meet and occasionally shift.”
seismic activity 地震活動
Example: “Scientists monitor seismic activity around volcanoes.”

tsunami 海嘯
Example: “The tsunami warning has been lifted.”
tidal wave 海嘯*（過時用語，但仍偶見於新聞標題）
Example: “A massive tidal wave crashed onto the coast.”
tsunami warning 海嘯警報
Example: “People were evacuated after a tsunami warning was issued.”
wave height 浪高
Example: “The wave height reached nearly four meters.”
evacuation zone 疏散區域
Example: “Residents in the evacuation zone were moved to higher ground.”

* 科學上已避免使用 “tidal wave”，因其字面意指「潮汐引起的波浪」（由月球/太陽引力驅動），但海嘯實則主要源於地震，偶然亦可由火山爆發或海底滑坡等引起。現代標準用語為日語借詞 “tsunami”。

emergency response 緊急應變
Example: “The emergency response team arrived within an hour.”
evacuate 撤離
Example: “Over 2,700 residents were evacuated.”
natural disaster 天然災害
Example: “Earthquakes and tsunamis are common natural disasters in this region.”

在這裡謹祝大家平安，順利度過難關。🙏